about m4c

The Project

The Project Over two million people live in the northern chars of Bangladesh spread across 1,200 villages under 10 districts. Their main livelihood choices are subsistence farming (crops and livestock) and working as seasonal labour in mainland areas of the country. However, the region faces challenges like weak market institutions, lack of information, and high operational costs, making it less attractive for public and private investments. To address these challenges, M4C focuses on strengthening local market institutions and enhancing both public and private services to improve the economic conditions of the char dwellers.

M4C’s goal is to reduce poverty and vulnerability in the northern char households by facilitating market systems that enhance income-generating opportunities. Mandated by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and the Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development, and Cooperatives of the Government of Bangladesh, M4C has been implemented by Swisscontact, in collaboration with the Rural Development Academy, Bogura. The project operates in Rangpur, Kurigram, Gaibandha, Sirajganj, Jamalpur, and Lalmonirhat districts until December 2024. Intervention Areas

Intervention Areas

M4C focuses on three major intervention areas:

1.Input Supply and Production Services: Facilitating access to quality seeds, fertilisers, and agricultural tools.

2.Output Market and Post-Harvest/Processing Services: Establishing market linkages and supporting processing facilities.

3.Financial Services: Promoting access to loans and financial products for crop and livestock farming.

In addition, M4C integrates cross-cutting themes like Women Economic Empowerment (WEE), Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), governance, and conflict-sensitive program management (CSPM) in its design and implementation. It also supports the Chars Development Research Centre (CDRC) in institutionalizing information, mobilizing initiatives, and encouraging public and private investments beyond the project period.

 

Results (As of June 2024)

    • Innovative Business Models: Promoted 20 business models and supported 1,600+ service providers to introduce 60 services, including 25 DRR-relevant and 20 women-oriented services.
    • Beneficiary Outreach: Benefited 203,100 char households, contributing to an additional income of CHF 43.66 million (BDT 537 crore).
    • Impact on Lives: Beneficiary households used increased income to improve their well-being, such as renovating houses, improving diets, sending children to school, and reinvesting in agriculture and trading.
    • Empowering Women: 28,900 women among beneficiary households increased their savings in 2024, contributing to greater economic independence and resilience.
    • Market Infrastructure: Through advocacy, 30 market infrastructures were included in government projects, with several completed, like Malmara Bazar in Jamalpur.
    • Climate-Resilient Agriculture: Over 1,200 hectares of char land cultivated using sustainable practices, with more than 67,800 char households adopting disaster-resistant crop varieties.

    Sustainability and Future Focus
    M4C continues to emphasize long-term sustainability by:

    • Strengthening the Chars Development Research Centre (CDRC) to take over facilitation roles.
    • Integrating climate-smart agricultural practices, renewable energy solutions, and Early Warning Systems (EWS) to mitigate climate impacts.
    • Partnering with financial institutions like United Commercial Bank (UCB) to scale financing solutions.
    • Fostering the adoption of green and inclusive practices, with 35,000 char households adopting environmentally sustainable methods.

    Whoops! There was an error.
    ErrorException (E_NOTICE)
    fwrite(): write of 1880 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded ErrorException thrown with message "fwrite(): write of 1880 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded" Stacktrace: #13 ErrorException in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php:130 #12 fwrite in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php:130 #11 Monolog\Handler\StreamHandler:streamWrite in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php:116 #10 Monolog\Handler\StreamHandler:write in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/RotatingFileHandler.php:119 #9 Monolog\Handler\RotatingFileHandler:write in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/AbstractProcessingHandler.php:39 #8 Monolog\Handler\AbstractProcessingHandler:handle in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Logger.php:344 #7 Monolog\Logger:addRecord in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Logger.php:707 #6 Monolog\Logger:error in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/Logger.php:176 #5 Illuminate\Log\Logger:writeLog in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/Logger.php:87 #4 Illuminate\Log\Logger:error in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/LogManager.php:498 #3 Illuminate\Log\LogManager:error in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Exceptions/Handler.php:114 #2 Illuminate\Foundation\Exceptions\Handler:report in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/app/Exceptions/Handler.php:37 #1 App\Exceptions\Handler:report in /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Bootstrap/HandleExceptions.php:81 #0 Illuminate\Foundation\Bootstrap\HandleExceptions:handleException in [internal]:0
    Application frames (1) All frames (14)
    13
    ErrorException
    …/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php130
    12
    fwrite
    …/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php130
    11
    Monolog\Handler\StreamHandler streamWrite
    …/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php116
    10
    Monolog\Handler\StreamHandler write
    …/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/RotatingFileHandler.php119
    9
    Monolog\Handler\RotatingFileHandler write
    …/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/AbstractProcessingHandler.php39
    8
    Monolog\Handler\AbstractProcessingHandler handle
    …/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Logger.php344
    7
    Monolog\Logger addRecord
    …/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Logger.php707
    6
    Monolog\Logger error
    …/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/Logger.php176
    5
    Illuminate\Log\Logger writeLog
    …/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/Logger.php87
    4
    Illuminate\Log\Logger error
    …/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/LogManager.php498
    3
    Illuminate\Log\LogManager error
    …/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Exceptions/Handler.php114
    2
    Illuminate\Foundation\Exceptions\Handler report
    …/app/Exceptions/Handler.php37
    1
    App\Exceptions\Handler report
    …/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Bootstrap/HandleExceptions.php81
    0
    Illuminate\Foundation\Bootstrap\HandleExceptions handleException
    [internal]0
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php 
            if ($this->useLocking) {
            // ignoring errors here, there's not much we can do about them
            flock($this->stream, LOCK_EX);
        }
 
        $this->streamWrite($this->stream, $record);
 
        if ($this->useLocking) {
            flock($this->stream, LOCK_UN);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Write to stream
     * @param resource $stream
     * @param array $record
     */
    protected function streamWrite($stream, array $record)
    {
        fwrite($stream, (string) $record['formatted']);
    }
 
    private function customErrorHandler($code, $msg)
    {
        $this->errorMessage = preg_replace('{^(fopen|mkdir)\(.*?\): }', '', $msg);
    }
 
    /**
     * @param string $stream
     *
     * @return null|string
     */
    private function getDirFromStream($stream)
    {
        $pos = strpos($stream, '://');
        if ($pos === false) {
            return dirname($stream);
        }
 
        if ('file://' === substr($stream, 0, 7)) {
    Arguments 
    1. "fwrite(): write of 1880 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php 
            if ($this->useLocking) {
            // ignoring errors here, there's not much we can do about them
            flock($this->stream, LOCK_EX);
        }
 
        $this->streamWrite($this->stream, $record);
 
        if ($this->useLocking) {
            flock($this->stream, LOCK_UN);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Write to stream
     * @param resource $stream
     * @param array $record
     */
    protected function streamWrite($stream, array $record)
    {
        fwrite($stream, (string) $record['formatted']);
    }
 
    private function customErrorHandler($code, $msg)
    {
        $this->errorMessage = preg_replace('{^(fopen|mkdir)\(.*?\): }', '', $msg);
    }
 
    /**
     * @param string $stream
     *
     * @return null|string
     */
    private function getDirFromStream($stream)
    {
        $pos = strpos($stream, '://');
        if ($pos === false) {
            return dirname($stream);
        }
 
        if ('file://' === substr($stream, 0, 7)) {
    Arguments 
    1. stream resource @409
  timed_out: false
  blocked: true
  eof: false
  wrapper_type: "plainfile"
  stream_type: "STDIO"
  mode: "a"
  unread_bytes: 0
  seekable: true
  uri: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/storage/logs/laravel-2025-12-10.log"
  options: []
}

    2. """
[2025-12-10 01:40:44] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded at /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)\n
[stacktrace]\n
#0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\Foundation\\Bootstrap\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, 'file_put_conten...', '/home/cdrcrda/p...', 122, Array)\n
#1 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents('/home/cdrcrda/p...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', 2)\n
#2 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\Filesystem\\Filesystem->put('/home/cdrcrda/p...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', true)\n
#3 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(129): Illuminate\\Session\\FileSessionHandler->write('xTz8Am2K1pODv6C...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...')\n
#4 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\Session\\Store->save()\n
#5 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\Session\\Middleware\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
#6 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
#7 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/index.php(60): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
#8 {main}\n
"} \n
"""
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/StreamHandler.php 
                $this->createDir();
            $this->errorMessage = null;
            set_error_handler(array($this, 'customErrorHandler'));
            $this->stream = fopen($this->url, 'a');
            if ($this->filePermission !== null) {
                @chmod($this->url, $this->filePermission);
            }
            restore_error_handler();
            if (!is_resource($this->stream)) {
                $this->stream = null;
                throw new \UnexpectedValueException(sprintf('The stream or file "%s" could not be opened: '.$this->errorMessage, $this->url));
            }
        }
 
        if ($this->useLocking) {
            // ignoring errors here, there's not much we can do about them
            flock($this->stream, LOCK_EX);
        }
 
        $this->streamWrite($this->stream, $record);
 
        if ($this->useLocking) {
            flock($this->stream, LOCK_UN);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Write to stream
     * @param resource $stream
     * @param array $record
     */
    protected function streamWrite($stream, array $record)
    {
        fwrite($stream, (string) $record['formatted']);
    }
 
    private function customErrorHandler($code, $msg)
    {
        $this->errorMessage = preg_replace('{^(fopen|mkdir)\(.*?\): }', '', $msg);
    }
    Arguments 
    1. stream resource @409
  timed_out: false
  blocked: true
  eof: false
  wrapper_type: "plainfile"
  stream_type: "STDIO"
  mode: "a"
  unread_bytes: 0
  seekable: true
  uri: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/storage/logs/laravel-2025-12-10.log"
  options: []
}

    2. array:8 [
  "message" => "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
  "context" => array:1 [
    "exception" => ErrorException {#250
      #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
      #code: 0
      #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
      #line: 122
      #severity: E_NOTICE
    }
  ]
  "level" => 400
  "level_name" => "ERROR"
  "channel" => "production"
  "datetime" => DateTime @1765309244 {#265
    date: 2025-12-10 01:40:44.453123 Asia/Dhaka (+06:00)
  }
  "extra" => []
  "formatted" => """
    [2025-12-10 01:40:44] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded at /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)\n
    [stacktrace]\n
    #0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\Foundation\\Bootstrap\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, 'file_put_conten...', '/home/cdrcrda/p...', 122, Array)\n
    #1 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents('/home/cdrcrda/p...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', 2)\n
    #2 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\Filesystem\\Filesystem->put('/home/cdrcrda/p...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', true)\n
    #3 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(129): Illuminate\\Session\\FileSessionHandler->write('xTz8Am2K1pODv6C...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...')\n
    #4 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\Session\\Store->save()\n
    #5 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\Session\\Middleware\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #6 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #7 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/index.php(60): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #8 {main}\n
    "} \n
    """
]
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/RotatingFileHandler.php 
            $this->url = $this->getTimedFilename();
        $this->close();
    }
 
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    protected function write(array $record)
    {
        // on the first record written, if the log is new, we should rotate (once per day)
        if (null === $this->mustRotate) {
            $this->mustRotate = !file_exists($this->url);
        }
 
        if ($this->nextRotation < $record['datetime']) {
            $this->mustRotate = true;
            $this->close();
        }
 
        parent::write($record);
    }
 
    /**
     * Rotates the files.
     */
    protected function rotate()
    {
        // update filename
        $this->url = $this->getTimedFilename();
        $this->nextRotation = new \DateTime('tomorrow');
 
        // skip GC of old logs if files are unlimited
        if (0 === $this->maxFiles) {
            return;
        }
 
        $logFiles = glob($this->getGlobPattern());
        if ($this->maxFiles >= count($logFiles)) {
            // no files to remove
            return;
    Arguments 
    1. array:8 [
  "message" => "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
  "context" => array:1 [
    "exception" => ErrorException {#250
      #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
      #code: 0
      #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
      #line: 122
      #severity: E_NOTICE
    }
  ]
  "level" => 400
  "level_name" => "ERROR"
  "channel" => "production"
  "datetime" => DateTime @1765309244 {#265
    date: 2025-12-10 01:40:44.453123 Asia/Dhaka (+06:00)
  }
  "extra" => []
  "formatted" => """
    [2025-12-10 01:40:44] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded at /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)\n
    [stacktrace]\n
    #0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\Foundation\\Bootstrap\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, 'file_put_conten...', '/home/cdrcrda/p...', 122, Array)\n
    #1 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents('/home/cdrcrda/p...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', 2)\n
    #2 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\Filesystem\\Filesystem->put('/home/cdrcrda/p...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', true)\n
    #3 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(129): Illuminate\\Session\\FileSessionHandler->write('xTz8Am2K1pODv6C...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...')\n
    #4 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\Session\\Store->save()\n
    #5 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\Session\\Middleware\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #6 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #7 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/index.php(60): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #8 {main}\n
    "} \n
    """
]
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Handler/AbstractProcessingHandler.php 
     *
 * @author Jordi Boggiano <j.boggiano@seld.be>
 * @author Christophe Coevoet <stof@notk.org>
 */
abstract class AbstractProcessingHandler extends AbstractHandler
{
    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    public function handle(array $record)
    {
        if (!$this->isHandling($record)) {
            return false;
        }
 
        $record = $this->processRecord($record);
 
        $record['formatted'] = $this->getFormatter()->format($record);
 
        $this->write($record);
 
        return false === $this->bubble;
    }
 
    /**
     * Writes the record down to the log of the implementing handler
     *
     * @param  array $record
     * @return void
     */
    abstract protected function write(array $record);
 
    /**
     * Processes a record.
     *
     * @param  array $record
     * @return array
     */
    protected function processRecord(array $record)
    {
    Arguments 
    1. array:8 [
  "message" => "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
  "context" => array:1 [
    "exception" => ErrorException {#250
      #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
      #code: 0
      #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
      #line: 122
      #severity: E_NOTICE
    }
  ]
  "level" => 400
  "level_name" => "ERROR"
  "channel" => "production"
  "datetime" => DateTime @1765309244 {#265
    date: 2025-12-10 01:40:44.453123 Asia/Dhaka (+06:00)
  }
  "extra" => []
  "formatted" => """
    [2025-12-10 01:40:44] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded at /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)\n
    [stacktrace]\n
    #0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\Foundation\\Bootstrap\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, 'file_put_conten...', '/home/cdrcrda/p...', 122, Array)\n
    #1 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents('/home/cdrcrda/p...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', 2)\n
    #2 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\Filesystem\\Filesystem->put('/home/cdrcrda/p...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', true)\n
    #3 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(129): Illuminate\\Session\\FileSessionHandler->write('xTz8Am2K1pODv6C...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...')\n
    #4 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\Session\\Store->save()\n
    #5 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\Session\\Middleware\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #6 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #7 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/index.php(60): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #8 {main}\n
    "} \n
    """
]
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Logger.php 
            }
        $ts->setTimezone(static::$timezone);
 
        $record = array(
            'message' => (string) $message,
            'context' => $context,
            'level' => $level,
            'level_name' => $levelName,
            'channel' => $this->name,
            'datetime' => $ts,
            'extra' => array(),
        );
 
        try {
            foreach ($this->processors as $processor) {
                $record = call_user_func($processor, $record);
            }
 
            while ($handler = current($this->handlers)) {
                if (true === $handler->handle($record)) {
                    break;
                }
 
                next($this->handlers);
            }
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            $this->handleException($e, $record);
        }
 
        return true;
    }
 
    /**
     * Ends a log cycle and frees all resources used by handlers.
     *
     * Closing a Handler means flushing all buffers and freeing any open resources/handles.
     * Handlers that have been closed should be able to accept log records again and re-open
     * themselves on demand, but this may not always be possible depending on implementation.
     *
     * This is useful at the end of a request and will be called automatically on every handler
    Arguments 
    1. array:8 [
  "message" => "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
  "context" => array:1 [
    "exception" => ErrorException {#250
      #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
      #code: 0
      #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
      #line: 122
      #severity: E_NOTICE
    }
  ]
  "level" => 400
  "level_name" => "ERROR"
  "channel" => "production"
  "datetime" => DateTime @1765309244 {#265
    date: 2025-12-10 01:40:44.453123 Asia/Dhaka (+06:00)
  }
  "extra" => []
  "formatted" => """
    [2025-12-10 01:40:44] production.ERROR: file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded {"exception":"[object] (ErrorException(code: 0): file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded at /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:122)\n
    [stacktrace]\n
    #0 [internal function]: Illuminate\\Foundation\\Bootstrap\\HandleExceptions->handleError(8, 'file_put_conten...', '/home/cdrcrda/p...', 122, Array)\n
    #1 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php(122): file_put_contents('/home/cdrcrda/p...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', 2)\n
    #2 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/FileSessionHandler.php(83): Illuminate\\Filesystem\\Filesystem->put('/home/cdrcrda/p...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...', true)\n
    #3 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Store.php(129): Illuminate\\Session\\FileSessionHandler->write('xTz8Am2K1pODv6C...', 'a:3:{s:6:\"_toke...')\n
    #4 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Session/Middleware/StartSession.php(87): Illuminate\\Session\\Store->save()\n
    #5 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(218): Illuminate\\Session\\Middleware\\StartSession->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #6 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Kernel.php(189): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminateMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #7 /home/cdrcrda/public_html/index.php(60): Illuminate\\Foundation\\Http\\Kernel->terminate(Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Request), Object(Illuminate\\Http\\Response))\n
    #8 {main}\n
    "} \n
    """
]
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/monolog/monolog/src/Monolog/Logger.php 
         * @param  array  $context The log context
     * @return bool   Whether the record has been processed
     */
    public function err($message, array $context = array())
    {
        return $this->addRecord(static::ERROR, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Adds a log record at the ERROR level.
     *
     * This method allows for compatibility with common interfaces.
     *
     * @param  string $message The log message
     * @param  array  $context The log context
     * @return bool   Whether the record has been processed
     */
    public function error($message, array $context = array())
    {
        return $this->addRecord(static::ERROR, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Adds a log record at the CRITICAL level.
     *
     * This method allows for compatibility with common interfaces.
     *
     * @param  string $message The log message
     * @param  array  $context The log context
     * @return bool   Whether the record has been processed
     */
    public function crit($message, array $context = array())
    {
        return $this->addRecord(static::CRITICAL, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Adds a log record at the CRITICAL level.
     *
     * This method allows for compatibility with common interfaces.
    Arguments 
    1. 400

    2. "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"

    3. array:1 [
  "exception" => ErrorException {#250
    #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
    #code: 0
    #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
    #line: 122
    #severity: E_NOTICE
  }
]
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/Logger.php 
         * @return void
     */
    public function write($level, $message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->writeLog($level, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Write a message to the log.
     *
     * @param  string  $level
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    protected function writeLog($level, $message, $context)
    {
        $this->fireLogEvent($level, $message = $this->formatMessage($message), $context);
 
        $this->logger->{$level}($message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Register a new callback handler for when a log event is triggered.
     *
     * @param  \Closure  $callback
     * @return void
     *
     * @throws \RuntimeException
     */
    public function listen(Closure $callback)
    {
        if (! isset($this->dispatcher)) {
            throw new RuntimeException('Events dispatcher has not been set.');
        }
 
        $this->dispatcher->listen(MessageLogged::class, $callback);
    }
 
    /**
    Arguments 
    1. "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"

    2. array:1 [
  "exception" => ErrorException {#250
    #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
    #code: 0
    #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
    #line: 122
    #severity: E_NOTICE
  }
]
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/Logger.php 
         *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function critical($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->writeLog(__FUNCTION__, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Log an error message to the logs.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function error($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->writeLog(__FUNCTION__, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Log a warning message to the logs.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
     */
    public function warning($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->writeLog(__FUNCTION__, $message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Log a notice to the logs.
     *
     * @param  string  $message
     * @param  array  $context
     * @return void
    Arguments 
    1. "error"

    2. "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"

    3. array:1 [
  "exception" => ErrorException {#250
    #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
    #code: 0
    #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
    #line: 122
    #severity: E_NOTICE
  }
]
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Log/LogManager.php 
         *
     * @return void
     */
    public function critical($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->driver()->critical($message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Runtime errors that do not require immediate action but should typically
     * be logged and monitored.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param array  $context
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function error($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->driver()->error($message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Exceptional occurrences that are not errors.
     *
     * Example: Use of deprecated APIs, poor use of an API, undesirable things
     * that are not necessarily wrong.
     *
     * @param string $message
     * @param array  $context
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function warning($message, array $context = [])
    {
        $this->driver()->warning($message, $context);
    }
 
    /**
     * Normal but significant events.
    Arguments 
    1. "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"

    2. array:1 [
  "exception" => ErrorException {#250
    #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
    #code: 0
    #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
    #line: 122
    #severity: E_NOTICE
  }
]
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Exceptions/Handler.php 
         */
    public function report(Exception $e)
    {
        if ($this->shouldntReport($e)) {
            return;
        }
 
        if (method_exists($e, 'report')) {
            return $e->report();
        }
 
        try {
            $logger = $this->container->make(LoggerInterface::class);
        } catch (Exception $ex) {
            throw $e;
        }
 
        $logger->error(
            $e->getMessage(),
            array_merge($this->context(), ['exception' => $e]
        ));
    }
 
    /**
     * Determine if the exception should be reported.
     *
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return bool
     */
    public function shouldReport(Exception $e)
    {
        return ! $this->shouldntReport($e);
    }
 
    /**
     * Determine if the exception is in the "do not report" list.
     *
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return bool
     */
    Arguments 
    1. "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"

    2. array:1 [
  "exception" => ErrorException {#250
    #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
    #code: 0
    #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
    #line: 122
    #severity: E_NOTICE
  }
]
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/app/Exceptions/Handler.php 
     
    /**
     * A list of the inputs that are never flashed for validation exceptions.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $dontFlash = [
        'password',
        'password_confirmation',
    ];
 
    /**
     * Report or log an exception.
     *
     * @param  \Exception  $exception
     * @return void
     */
    public function report(Exception $exception)
    {
        parent::report($exception);
    }
 
    /**
     * Render an exception into an HTTP response.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \Exception  $exception
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function render($request, Exception $exception)
    {
        return parent::render($request, $exception);
    }
}
    Arguments 
    1. ErrorException {#250
  #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
  #code: 0
  #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
  #line: 122
  #severity: E_NOTICE
}
    /home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Bootstrap/HandleExceptions.php 
        }
 
    /**
     * Handle an uncaught exception from the application.
     *
     * Note: Most exceptions can be handled via the try / catch block in
     * the HTTP and Console kernels. But, fatal error exceptions must
     * be handled differently since they are not normal exceptions.
     *
     * @param  \Throwable  $e
     * @return void
     */
    public function handleException($e)
    {
        if (! $e instanceof Exception) {
            $e = new FatalThrowableError($e);
        }
 
        try {
            $this->getExceptionHandler()->report($e);
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            //
        }
 
        if ($this->app->runningInConsole()) {
            $this->renderForConsole($e);
        } else {
            $this->renderHttpResponse($e);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * Render an exception to the console.
     *
     * @param  \Exception  $e
     * @return void
     */
    protected function renderForConsole(Exception $e)
    {
        $this->getExceptionHandler()->renderForConsole(new ConsoleOutput, $e);
    Arguments 
    1. ErrorException {#250
  #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
  #code: 0
  #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
  #line: 122
  #severity: E_NOTICE
}
    [internal]
    Arguments 
    1. ErrorException {#250
  #message: "file_put_contents(): write of 234 bytes failed with errno=122 Disk quota exceeded"
  #code: 0
  #file: "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/core/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php"
  #line: 122
  #severity: E_NOTICE
}

    Environment & details:

    empty
    empty
    empty
    empty
    empty
    Key Value
    PATH 
    "/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin"
    TZ 
    "Asia/Dhaka"
    REDIRECT_HANDLER 
    "application/x-httpd-ea-php74"
    REDIRECT_STATUS 
    "200"
    UNIQUE_ID 
    "aTh7O91BjkCtsva3vt1-QAAAABU"
    SCRIPT_URL 
    "/pages/making-markets-works-for-the-chars-m4c/1/about-m4c"
    SCRIPT_URI 
    "http://cdrc-rda.org/pages/making-markets-works-for-the-chars-m4c/1/about-m4c"
    HTTP_USER_AGENT 
    "CCBot/2.0 (https://commoncrawl.org/faq/)"
    HTTP_ACCEPT 
    "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8"
    HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE 
    "en-US,en;q=0.5"
    HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE 
    "Mon, 14 Jul 2025 21:13:55 GMT"
    HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING 
    "br,gzip"
    HTTP_HOST 
    "cdrc-rda.org"
    HTTP_CONNECTION 
    "Keep-Alive"
    SERVER_SIGNATURE 
    ""
    SERVER_SOFTWARE 
    "Apache"
    SERVER_NAME 
    "cdrc-rda.org"
    SERVER_ADDR 
    "103.29.181.85"
    SERVER_PORT 
    "80"
    REMOTE_ADDR 
    "18.97.9.169"
    DOCUMENT_ROOT 
    "/home/cdrcrda/public_html"
    REQUEST_SCHEME 
    "http"
    CONTEXT_PREFIX 
    "/cgi-sys"
    CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT 
    "/usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/"
    SERVER_ADMIN 
    "webmaster@cdrc-rda.org"
    SCRIPT_FILENAME 
    "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/index.php"
    REMOTE_PORT 
    "54732"
    REDIRECT_URL 
    "/index.php"
    GATEWAY_INTERFACE 
    "CGI/1.1"
    SERVER_PROTOCOL 
    "HTTP/1.1"
    REQUEST_METHOD 
    "GET"
    QUERY_STRING 
    ""
    REQUEST_URI 
    "/pages/making-markets-works-for-the-chars-m4c/1/about-m4c"
    SCRIPT_NAME 
    "/index.php"
    ORIG_SCRIPT_FILENAME 
    "/usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/ea-php74"
    ORIG_PATH_INFO 
    "/index.php"
    ORIG_PATH_TRANSLATED 
    "/home/cdrcrda/public_html/index.php"
    ORIG_SCRIPT_NAME 
    "/cgi-sys/ea-php74"
    PHP_SELF 
    "/index.php"
    REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT 
    1765309243.9327
    REQUEST_TIME 
    1765309243
    argv 
    []
    argc 
    0
    APP_NAME 
    "Laravel"
    APP_ENV 
    "production"
    APP_KEY 
    "base64:jJA5qSRlYrWvKvKrcCVUsHZ5mTGx80jg0NhfDowqXnE="
    APP_DEBUG 
    "true"
    APP_URL 
    "http://localhost"
    LOG_CHANNEL 
    "stack"
    DB_CONNECTION 
    "mysql"
    DB_HOST 
    "127.0.0.1"
    DB_PORT 
    "3306"
    DB_DATABASE 
    "cdrcrda_bogura"
    DB_USERNAME 
    "cdrcrda_bogurau"
    DB_PASSWORD 
    "Xy@Wsij=S48l"
    BROADCAST_DRIVER 
    "log"
    CACHE_DRIVER 
    "file"
    QUEUE_CONNECTION 
    "sync"
    SESSION_DRIVER 
    "file"
    SESSION_LIFETIME 
    "120"
    REDIS_HOST 
    "127.0.0.1"
    REDIS_PASSWORD 
    "null"
    REDIS_PORT 
    "6379"
    MAIL_DRIVER 
    "sendmail"
    MAIL_HOST 
    "smtp.gmail.com"
    MAIL_PORT 
    "587"
    MAIL_USERNAME 
    "rda.cdrc@gmail.com"
    MAIL_PASSWORD 
    "Aks@2431"
    MAIL_ENCRYPTION 
    "tls"
    PUSHER_APP_ID 
    ""
    PUSHER_APP_KEY 
    ""
    PUSHER_APP_SECRET 
    ""
    PUSHER_APP_CLUSTER 
    "mt1"
    MIX_PUSHER_APP_KEY 
    ""
    MIX_PUSHER_APP_CLUSTER 
    "mt1"
    Key Value
    APP_NAME 
    "Laravel"
    APP_ENV 
    "production"
    APP_KEY 
    "base64:jJA5qSRlYrWvKvKrcCVUsHZ5mTGx80jg0NhfDowqXnE="
    APP_DEBUG 
    "true"
    APP_URL 
    "http://localhost"
    LOG_CHANNEL 
    "stack"
    DB_CONNECTION 
    "mysql"
    DB_HOST 
    "127.0.0.1"
    DB_PORT 
    "3306"
    DB_DATABASE 
    "cdrcrda_bogura"
    DB_USERNAME 
    "cdrcrda_bogurau"
    DB_PASSWORD 
    "Xy@Wsij=S48l"
    BROADCAST_DRIVER 
    "log"
    CACHE_DRIVER 
    "file"
    QUEUE_CONNECTION 
    "sync"
    SESSION_DRIVER 
    "file"
    SESSION_LIFETIME 
    "120"
    REDIS_HOST 
    "127.0.0.1"
    REDIS_PASSWORD 
    "null"
    REDIS_PORT 
    "6379"
    MAIL_DRIVER 
    "sendmail"
    MAIL_HOST 
    "smtp.gmail.com"
    MAIL_PORT 
    "587"
    MAIL_USERNAME 
    "rda.cdrc@gmail.com"
    MAIL_PASSWORD 
    "Aks@2431"
    MAIL_ENCRYPTION 
    "tls"
    PUSHER_APP_ID 
    ""
    PUSHER_APP_KEY 
    ""
    PUSHER_APP_SECRET 
    ""
    PUSHER_APP_CLUSTER 
    "mt1"
    MIX_PUSHER_APP_KEY 
    ""
    MIX_PUSHER_APP_CLUSTER 
    "mt1"
    0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler